Raynaud’s phenomenon is a discoloration of the fingers due
to vasospasms and decreased circulation of the fingers. This condition causes
the fingers to feel numb and cool and become discolored in response to cold
temperatures or stress. This typically occurs more in women.
Fingers may become white due to lack of blood flow. Then as
the vessels dilate in order to keep the blood within the tissues, the fingers
become blue. Finally, as the blood flow returns, the fingers become red. This
condition is usually bilateral.
There are two types Raynaud’s disease and Raynaud’s
syndrome. Raynaud’s disease occurs on its own without a cause. Raynaud’s
syndrome is caused by a connective tissue disorder such as systemic lupus erythematosus,
polymyositis and scleroderma. Raynaud’s phenomenon is the initial presentation
for 70% of patients with scleroderma. If you have a patient with Raynaud’s
phenomenon, study them for connective tissue disorders.
In chronic cases, the nails may become brittle with ridges,
with ulcers of the fingers.
